He tūāpapa mahi te tūāpapa i whakatūria hei whakarite kia maeneene te haere o ia tukanga hanga. E wehea ana ki ngā tūāpapa o waho me ngā tūāpapa o roto e ai ki te tūranga whakatūnga; He tohunga mātou ki te hanga me te hoko i ngā tūāpapa paipa maitai me ngā taputapu tūāpapa; E ai ki te āhua hanganga, ka wehea ki ngā tūāpapa poutū, tūāpapa piriti, tūāpapa tatau, tūāpapa iri, tūāpapa whakairi me te tūāpapa piki.

Me whiriwhiri ngā tūāpapa mō ngā kaupapa rerekē mō ngā momo hanganga hangarau rerekē. Ko te nuinga o ngā tautoko piriti he tūāpapa poroporo peihana, ko ētahi he tūāpapa tatau. Ko te nuinga o ngā tūāpapa papa mō te hanganga o te hanganga matua he tūāpapa whakapiri, ā, ko te tawhiti roa o ngā pou tūāpapa he 1.2 ~ 1.8m te tikanga; ko te tawhiti whakawhiti he 0.9 ~ 1.5m te tikanga.

Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā āhuatanga mahi whānui o te tūāpapa, ko ngā āhuatanga o tōna hanganga e whai ake nei:

1. He nui te rerekētanga o te kawenga;

2. He āhua pakari te hononga hononga whakapiri, ā, e pā ana te pakari o te hononga ki te kounga o te whakapiri me te kounga tāutanga, ā, he rerekē rawa te mahi a te hononga;

3. He hapa tuatahi kei roto i te hanganga me ngā wāhanga o te tūāpapa, pērā i te piko me te waikura tuatahi o ngā mema, te hapa nui o te hanganga, te rerekētanga o te kawenga, me ētahi atu;

4. He nui te rerekētanga here o te pūwāhi hononga ki te pakitara ki te tūāpapa