Aluminiyamu ili paliponse pomwe pamafunika kapangidwe kopepuka kapena kutentha kwambiri komanso mphamvu zamagetsi. Njinga yamasewera yanthawi zonse imakhala ndi silinda ya aluminiyamu, mutu, ndi ma crankcase, komanso chotchinga cha aluminiyamu cholumikizidwa ndi swingarm. Mkati mwa injini, ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya aluminiyamu ndi ma piston ake, omwe poyendetsa kutentha bwino amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri kuposa momwe amasungunuka. Mawilo, ma radiator oziziritsira ndi mafuta, ma lever amanja ndi ma bracket awo, ma crowns apamwamba ndi (nthawi zambiri) a foloko, machubu apamwamba a foloko (mu ma forok a USD), ma brake caliper, ndi ma master cylinders nawonso ndi aluminiyamu.

Tonse tayang'ana modabwa chassis ya aluminiyamu yomwe ma welds ake amafanana ndi mulu wa poker chips wodziwika bwino. Zina mwa chassis ndi swingarms izi, monga za a Aprilia's two-stroke 250 racers, ndi ntchito zaluso zokongola.

Aluminiyamu imatha kupangidwa ndi kutenthedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri kuposa chitsulo chofewa (60,000 psi tensile), koma ma alloy ambiri amapangidwa mwachangu komanso mosavuta. Aluminiyamu imathanso kupangidwa, kupangidwa, kapena kutulutsidwa (momwemonso matabwa ena am'mbali mwa chassis amapangira). Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa aluminiyamu kumapangitsa kuti kuwotcherera kwake kufunike amperage yambiri, ndipo chitsulo chotentha chiyenera kutetezedwa ku mpweya wa mumlengalenga pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wosagwira ntchito (TIG kapena heli-arc).

Ngakhale aluminiyamu imafuna magetsi ambiri kuti ipeze miyala yake ya bauxite, ikangokhalapo mu mawonekedwe achitsulo, siiwononga ndalama zambiri kuigwiritsanso ntchito ndipo siitayika chifukwa cha dzimbiri, monga momwe chitsulo chingatayikire.

Opanga injini za njinga zamoto oyambirira anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chatsopanocho kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito pa ma crankcases, chomwe chikanakhala chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo cholemera pafupifupi katatu. Aluminiyamu yeniyeni ndi yofewa kwambiri—ndikukumbukira mkwiyo wa amayi anga pa zomwe abambo anga anachita atate anga pogwiritsa ntchito boiler yawo ya 1,100-alloy double-boiler ngati BB trap yopangidwa mwaluso: Pansi pake panakhala ma dimples ambiri.

Mphamvu yowonjezera ya aloyi yosavuta yokhala ndi mkuwa inapezeka posakhalitsa, ndipo inali aloyi yomwe woyambitsa magalimoto WO Bentley anagwiritsa ntchito mu ma piston ake oyesera a aluminiyamu asanafike Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse Yoyamba. Poyesa motsatizana motsutsana ndi ma piston achitsulo omwe anali otchuka panthawiyo, ma piston a aluminiyamu oyamba a Bentley adawonjezera mphamvu nthawi yomweyo. Anali ozizira, anatenthetsa pang'ono mafuta ndi mpweya wosakaniza, ndipo anasunga kuchuluka kwake. Masiku ano, ma piston a aluminiyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mainjini a magalimoto ndi njinga zamoto.

Mpaka kubwera kwa ndege ya Boeing yopangidwa ndi ulusi wa pulasitiki wolimbikitsidwa ndi kaboni 787, chinali chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa ndege kuti pafupifupi kulemera konse kwa ndege yopanda kanthu kunali aluminiyamu 60 peresenti. Poyang'ana kulemera ndi mphamvu za aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo, poyamba izi zikuwoneka zachilendo. Inde, aluminiyamu imalemera 35 peresenti yokha kuposa chitsulo, kuchuluka kwa voliyumu, koma zitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri zimakhala zolimba katatu kuposa aluminiyamu zamphamvu kwambiri. Bwanji osapanga ndege kuchokera kuchitsulo choonda?

Zinali chifukwa cha kukana kugwedezeka kwa zomangamanga zofanana za aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo. Ngati tiyamba ndi machubu a aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo okhala ndi kulemera komweko pa phazi lililonse, ndipo tichepetsa makulidwe a khoma, chubu chachitsulo chimamangirira choyamba chifukwa chakuti zinthu zake, zomwe ndi zokhuthala gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu okha monga aluminiyamu, zili ndi mphamvu zochepa zodzitetezera.

M'zaka za m'ma 1970, ndinkagwira ntchito ndi Frank Camillieri, yemwe anali womanga chimango. Nditamufunsa chifukwa chake sitinagwiritse ntchito mapaipi achitsulo akuluakulu a khoma lopyapyala kuti tipange mafelemu opepuka komanso olimba, anati, "Mukatero, mumapeza kuti muyenera kuwonjezera zinthu zambiri kuzinthu monga zomangira injini kuti zisasweke, kuti kuchepetsa kulemera kuthe."

Kawasaki anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zida zomangira aluminiyamu pa njinga zake za fakitale za MX kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970; enanso anatsatira zomwezo. Kenako mu 1980, Yamaha anaika Kenny Roberts pa njinga ya GP ya 500 yokhala ndi ma stroke awiri yomwe chimango chake chinapangidwa kuchokera ku chubu cha aluminiyamu chopangidwa ndi sikweya. Kuyesera kwakukulu kunali kofunikira, koma pamapeto pake, pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro a injiniya wa ku Spain Antonio Cobas, mafelemu a mpikisano wa GP wa Yamaha adasanduka mipiringidzo ikuluikulu iwiri ya aluminiyamu yomwe imadziwika masiku ano.

Ndithudi pali chassis yopambana ya mitundu ina—ya Ducati yotchedwa “trellis” yachitsulo, ndi chassis ya John Britten ya “khungu ndi mafupa” ya carbon-fiber ya kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990. Koma chassis ya aluminiyamu iwiri yakhala yotchuka masiku ano. Ndili ndi chidaliro kuti chassis yogwira ntchito ingapangidwe ndi plywood yopangidwa, bola ngati ili ndi malo olimba olumikizirana komanso mawonekedwe okhazikika.

Kusiyana kwina kwakukulu pakati pa chitsulo ndi aluminiyamu ndikuti chitsulo chili ndi chomwe chimatchedwa malire a kutopa: mulingo wochepa wa kupsinjika komwe nthawi yonse ya gawolo imakhala yopanda malire. Ma aluminiyamu ambiri alibe malire a kutopa, ndichifukwa chake ma airframe a aluminiyamu "amasungidwa" kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito maola angapo. Pansi pa malire awa, chitsulo chimatikhululukira zolakwa zathu, koma aluminiyamu imakumbukira zonyoza zonse mu mawonekedwe a kuwonongeka kosaoneka kwa kutopa kwamkati.

Chassis yokongola ya GP ya m'ma 1990 sinali maziko opangira zinthu zambiri. Chassis imeneyo inali ndi zidutswa zolumikizidwa pamodzi kuchokera ku zinthu zopangidwa ndi makina, zosindikizidwa, ndi zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu. Sikuti ndi zovuta zokha, komanso zimafuna kuti zitsulo zonse zitatu zikhale zolumikizidwa. Kuwotcherera kumafuna ndalama ndi nthawi, ngakhale zitachitidwa ndi maloboti opanga.

Ukadaulo womwe wapangitsa kuti mainjini opepuka a four-stroke ndi chassis yopangidwa masiku ano ikhale yotheka ndi njira zodzaza nkhungu zomwe sizimadzaza mafilimu a aluminiyamu oxide omwe amapangidwa nthawi yomweyo pa aluminiyamu yosungunuka. Mafilimu oterewa amapanga malo ofooka mu chitsulo chomwe, kale, chimafuna kuti ma castings akhale okhuthala kwambiri kuti apeze mphamvu zokwanira. Zigawo zopangidwa kuchokera ku njira zatsopanozi zitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri, komabe chassis ya aluminiyamu yamasiku ano imatha kupangidwa ndi ma welds owerengeka pa dzanja limodzi. Akuti njira zatsopano zopangira ma castings zimasunga kulemera kwa makilogalamu 30 kapena kuposerapo mu njinga zamoto zopangira.

Pamodzi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsulo, aluminiyamu ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa chitukuko cha anthu, koma ndi choposa pamenepo pa njinga zamoto zamakono. Ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa njinga, chomwe chili paliponse kotero kuti sitichiwona kapena kuzindikira momwe makinawo amagwirira ntchito.