I-Aluminiyam iyindawo yonke apho imo ekhaphukhaphu okanye i-thermal ephezulu kunye ne-conductivity yombane iyafuneka.I-sportbike eqhelekileyo inebloko ye-aluminiyam yesilinda, intloko, kunye ne-crankcases, kunye ne-welded chassis ye-aluminiyam kunye ne-swingarm.Ngaphakathi enjinini, olona setyenziso lubalulekileyo lwealuminiyam ziipistons, ezithi ngokuqhuba ubushushu kakuhle zikwazi ukusinda ekuchanabekeni kumaqondo obushushu okutsha kude lee kwindawo yazo yokunyibilika.Amavili, iiradiyetha zokupholisa kunye ne-oyile, izixhasi zesandla kunye nezibiyeli zazo, ngaphezulu kunye (kaninzi) nezithsaba zefolokhwe esezantsi, iityhubhu zefolokhwe eziphezulu (ngeefolokhwe ze-USD), ii-brake calipers, kunye ne-master cylinders nazo ziyi-aluminiyam.

Sonke siye sajonga sincoma i-chassis ye-aluminiyam ene-welds efana ne-fableed stack ye-poker chips.Ezinye zale chassis kunye ne-swingarms, njengalezo ze-Aprilia ezine-stroke ezimbini ze-racers ezingama-250, ziyimisebenzi emihle yobugcisa.

I-aluminiyam inokudityaniswa kwaye iphathwe ubushushu kumandla amakhulu kunentsimbi ethambileyo (i-60,000 psi tensile), kodwa uninzi lomatshini wealloys ngokukhawuleza nangokulula.Ialuminiyam nayo inokuphoswa, yenziwe ngenkohliso, okanye ikhutshelwe ngaphandle (leyo yindlela eyenziwa ngayo imiqadi yecala le-chassis).Ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-Aluminiyam kwenza i-welding yayo ifune i-amperage eninzi, kwaye intsimbi eshushu kufuneka ikhuselwe kwi-oksijini ye-atmospheric ngokukhusela i-inert-gas (TIG okanye i-heli-arc).

Nangona i-aluminiyam ifuna izixa ezikhulu zombane ukuze iphumelele kwi-ore yayo ye-bauxite, xa sele ikhona ikwimo yesinyithi, ixabisa kancinci ukuyiphinda isetyenziswe kwaye ayilahlekanga ukurusa, njengoko intsimbi inokuba njalo.

Abenzi bokuqala bee-injini zezithuthuthu bakhawuleza bamkela intsimbi entsha ngelo xesha yeecrankcases, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ngekwakufuneka ibe yentsimbi etyhidiweyo enobunzima obuphindwe kathathu ngaphezulu.I-aluminiyam ecocekileyo ithambile kakhulu-ndikhumbula umsindo kamama ngokusetyenziswa kukatata kwibhoyila yakhe eyi-1,100-alloy ephindwe kabini njengomgibe we-BB ophuculweyo: Umzantsi wayo waba yinqwaba yeedimples.

Ukomelela okongeziweyo kwe-alloy elula kunye nobhedu kwafunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye yayiyi-alloy eyasetyenziswa nguvulindlela we-auto u-WO Bentley kwiipiston zakhe ze-aluminiyam zangaphambi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I.Kuvavanyo lokubuyela ngasemva ngokuchasene neepiston zentsimbi eziye zalawula ngelo xesha, iipistons zokuqala ze-aluminiyam zikaBentley zonyusa ngoko nangoko amandla.Babaleka bepholile, bafudumeza umxube we-fuel-moya ongenayo, kwaye bagcina ukuxinana kwawo ngakumbi.Namhlanje, iipiston zealuminiyam zisetyenziswa jikelele kwiinjini zemoto kunye nezithuthuthu.

Kude kwafika inqwelomoya yeBoeing's carbon-fiber reinforced-plastic 787 airliner, yayiyinto esisiseko yenqwelomoya ukuba phantse yonke ubunzima benqwelomoya yayiyi-60 yepesenti yealuminiyam.Ukujonga ubunzima obunxulumeneyo kunye namandla e-aluminiyam kunye nentsimbi, oku ekuqaleni kubonakala kungaqhelekanga.Ewe, i-aluminium inobunzima beepesenti ze-35 kuphela njengentsimbi, umthamo womthamo, kodwa iintsimbi eziphezulu zamandla ziphindwe kathathu zomelele kune-aluminiyam ephezulu.Kutheni ungazakhi iinqwelomoya ngentsimbi ecekethekileyo?

Yehla ekuchaseni ukunyanzeliswa kwezakhiwo ezilinganayo ze-aluminium kunye nentsimbi.Ukuba siqala nge-aluminiyam kunye neetyhubhu zentsimbi ezinobunzima obufanayo ngonyawo ngalunye, kwaye sinciphisa ubukhulu bodonga, ityhubhu yentsimbi ibopha kuqala ngenxa yokuba imathiriyeli yayo, isinye esithathwini kuphela esityebileyo njenge-aluminiyam, inamandla angaphantsi kakhulu wokuzibamba.

Ebudeni beminyaka yee-1970, ndasebenza nomakhi wefreyimu uFrank Camillieri.Xa ndambuza ukuba kutheni singasebenzisi iityhubhu yentsimbi enobubanzi obukhulu yodonga olucekethekileyo ukwenza iifreyimu zibe khaphukhaphu, ziqine, wathi, “Xa usenza loo nto, ufumanisa ukuba kufuneka wongeze imathiriyeli eninzi kwizinto ezifana nokuxhonywa kwe-injini. zigcine zingaqhekeki, ukuze ukonga umzimba kuphele.”

I-Kawasaki yamkela kuqala ii-swingarms ze-aluminium kwimizi-mveliso yayo ye-MX ibhayisekile ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1970;abanye bamlandela.Emva koko kwi-1980, u-Yamaha wabeka u-Kenny Roberts kwibhayisikili ye-GP ye-500 ene-stroke ephindwe kabini esakhelo sayo senziwe kwi-square-section extruded aluminium tube.Uvavanyo oluninzi loyilo lwaluyimfuneko, kodwa ekugqibeleni, kusetyenziswa izimvo zenjineli yaseSpain u-Antonio Cobas, i-Yamaha's GP izakhelo zogqatso lwendlela zavela kwimiqadi eqhelekileyo yamawele e-aluminiyam namhlanje.

Ngokuqinisekileyo kukho i-chassis eyimpumelelo yezinye iindidi-i-Ducati's steel-tube “trellis” enye, kunye ne-“skin and bones” ka-John Britten ye-carbon-fiber chassis ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1990.Kodwa iwele le-aluminiyam beam chassis sele inamandla namhlanje.Ndiqinisekile ukuba i-chassis esebenzayo inokwenziwa ngeplywood ebunjiweyo, ngaphandle kokuba ineendawo zokubolisa ezomeleleyo kunye nejometri eqinisekisiweyo eqhelekileyo.

Olunye ulwahlulo oluphawulekayo phakathi kwentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium kukuba insimbi inento ebizwa ngokuba ngumda wokukhathala: inqanaba loxinzelelo lokusebenza ngaphantsi apho ixesha lokuphila kwenxalenye lingenasiphelo.Uninzi lweealloyi ze-aluminiyam azinamda wokudinwa, yiyo loo nto ii-airframes ze-aluminiyam “ziphila” ngenani elicwangcisiweyo lokusetyenziswa kweeyure.Ngaphantsi kwalo mda, intsimbi iyasixolela iziphambeko zethu, kodwa i-aluminium ikhumbula zonke izithuko ngendlela engabonakaliyo yomonakalo wangaphakathi wokudinwa.

I-GP chassis entle ye-1990s ayinakuze ibe sisiseko sokuvelisa ngobuninzi.Ezo chassis zaziquka amaqhekeza adityaniswe kunye ukusuka koomatshini, abacinezelweyo, kunye nezinto ezenziwe nge-aluminiyam.Ayisiyonto entsonkothileyo kuphela, kodwa ifuna ukuba zontathu iialloyi zidibaniselane.I-Welding ibiza imali kunye nexesha, nokuba yenziwa ziirobhothi zemveliso.

Itekhnoloji eyenze iinjini zanamhlanje ezikhaphukhaphu ezine-stroke kunye ne-chassis etyhidiweyo yenzeke ngeendlela ezisezantsi zokuzalisa umngundo ezingafaki iifilimu ze-aluminiyam oxide ezenzeka ngoko nangoko kwi-aluminiyam etyhidiweyo.Iifilimu ezinjalo zenza imimandla yobuthathaka kwintsimbi ethi, kwixesha elidlulileyo, ifuna ukuba i-castings ibe nzima kakhulu ukuze ifumane amandla aneleyo.Amalungu e-cast kwezi nkqubo zintsha anokuba nzima kakhulu, kodwa i-chassis yanamhlanje ye-aluminiyam inokudityaniswa kunye ne-welds ezibalayo kwicala elinye.Kuqikelelwa ukuba iindlela ezintsha zokuphosa zonga iikhilogram ezingama-30 okanye ngaphezulu zobunzima kwizithuthuthu zemveliso.

Kunye neendidi ezininzi zeentsimbi, ialuminiyam lihashe elisisiseko lempucuko yabantu, kodwa ingaphezulu koko kwizithuthuthu zanamhlanje.Yinyama yebhayisekile, ixhaphakile kangangokuba asiyiboni okanye sivume ukuba ungakanani umsebenzi womatshini esiwutyalayo.