1, Isishwankathelo soshishino lwesakhiwo sentsimbi

Isakhiwo sentsimbi sisakhiwo esenziwe ngezinto zentsimbi, enye yezona ntlobo ziphambili zezakhiwo zokwakha. Esi sakhiwo senziwe kakhulu ngemiqadi yentsimbi, iintsika zentsimbi, ii-trusses zentsimbi kunye nezinye izinto ezenziwe ngentsimbi yecandelo kunye neepleyiti zentsimbi, kwaye samkela i-silane, i-phosphating ye-manganese ecocekileyo, ukuhlamba ngamanzi, ukomisa, i-galvanizing kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokususa umhlwa kunye nokuthintela umhlwa. Ii-welding seams, ii-bolts okanye ii-rivets zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa amalungu okanye izinto. Ngenxa yobunzima bayo obulula kunye nolwakhiwo olulula, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo ezinkulu, kwiindawo, kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kakhulu nakwamanye amasimi. Ineempawu ezilandelayo: 1. Amandla aphezulu ezinto kunye nobunzima obulula; 2. Ukuqina kwentsimbi, i-plasticity elungileyo, izinto ezifanayo, ukuthembeka okuphezulu kwesakhiwo; 3. Inqanaba eliphezulu loomatshini ekuveliseni nasekufakeni isakhiwo sentsimbi; 4. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina kwesakhiwo sentsimbi; 5. Isakhiwo sentsimbi asimelani nobushushu kodwa asimelani nomlilo; 6. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwesakhiwo sentsimbi; 7. Ikhabhoni ephantsi, ukonga amandla, kuluhlaza kwaye kunokuphinda kusetyenziswe.

2, imeko yophuhliso loshishino lwesakhiwo sentsimbi

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini lezakhiwo zentsimbi laseTshayina liye lafumana inkqubo ukusuka ekuqaleni kancinci ukuya kuphuhliso olukhawulezayo. Ngo-2016, urhulumente ukhuphe amaxwebhu amaninzi omgaqo-nkqubo ukusombulula ingxaki yokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwentsimbi kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluluhlaza noluzinzileyo lweshishini lokwakha. Ngo-2019, iSebe lezezindlu nophuhliso lwasemaphandleni lwasezidolophini likhuphe "amanqaku aphambili kumsebenzi ka-2019 wesebe lolawulo lwemarike yokwakha leSebe lezezindlu nophuhliso lwasemaphandleni lwasezidolophini", elalifuna ukuba kwenziwe umsebenzi wovavanyo lwezindlu ezakhiwe ngaphambili zesakhiwo sentsimbi; NgoJulayi 2019, iSebe lezezindlu nophuhliso lwasemaphandleni lwasezidolophini lavuma ngokulandelelana izicwangciso zovavanyo zaseShandong, Zhejiang, Henan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Qinghai kunye namanye amaphondo asixhenxe ukukhuthaza ukusekwa kwenkqubo yokwakha izindlu ezakhiwe ngaphambili zesakhiwo sentsimbi esivuthiweyo.

Phantsi kwempembelelo yemigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo, imfuno yemarike kunye nezinye izinto, indawo entsha yokwakha izakhiwo ezenziwe kwangaphambili zesakhiwo sentsimbi inyuke phantse ngama-30%. Imveliso yesakhiwo sentsimbi sikazwelonke ikwabonisa ukunyuka okuqhubekayo unyaka nonyaka, inyuka ukusuka kwiitoni ezingama-51 ezigidi ngo-2015 ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-71.2 ezigidi ngo-2018. Ngo-2020, imveliso yesakhiwo sentsimbi idlule kwiitoni ezingama-89 ezigidi, ibandakanya i-8.36% yentsimbi eluhlaza,