Intshayelelo yombhobho wentsimbi: intsimbi enecandelo elingenanto kwaye ubude bayo bukhulu kakhulu kunobubanzi okanye umjikelo. Ngokwemilo yecandelo, yahlulwe yaba yimibhobho yentsimbi esangqa, isikwere, uxande kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi enemilo ekhethekileyo; Ngokwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, yahlulwe yaba yimibhobho yentsimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni, umbhobho wentsimbi yesakhiwo esiphantsi, umbhobho wentsimbi ye-alloy kunye nombhobho wentsimbi edibeneyo; Ngokwenjongo, yahlulwe yaba yimibhobho yentsimbi yepayipi yokudlulisa, isakhiwo sobunjineli, izixhobo zobushushu, ishishini le-petrochemical, ukwenziwa koomatshini, ukubhola kwejoloji, izixhobo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, njl.njl. Ngokwenkqubo yemveliso, yahlulwe yaba yimibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo kunye nombhobho wentsimbi edibeneyo. Umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo wahlulwe waba yi-hot rolling kunye ne-cold rolling (drawing), kwaye umbhobho wentsimbi edibeneyo wahlulwe waba yimibhobho yentsimbi edibeneyo kunye nombhobho wentsimbi edibeneyo.

Umbhobho wentsimbi awusetyenziselwa kuphela ukuhambisa izinto eziqinileyo nezilulwelo, ukutshintshiselana ngamandla obushushu, ukuvelisa iindawo zoomatshini kunye nezikhongozeli, kodwa kunye nentsimbi engabizi kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa umbhobho wentsimbi ukwenza igridi yesakhiwo, iintsika kunye nenkxaso yoomatshini kunokunciphisa ubunzima, konge isinyithi ngama-20 ~ 40%, kwaye kufezekiswe ulwakhiwo olusebenzayo nolwenziwe ngoomatshini. Ukuvelisa iibhuloho zeNdlela ePhakamileyo ezineepayipi zentsimbi akunakugcina nje isinyithi kwaye kube lula ukwakhiwa, kodwa kunciphisa kakhulu indawo yokugquma okukhuselekileyo kwaye konge iindleko zotyalo-mali kunye nokugcinwa. Ngendlela yemveliso

Iipayipi zentsimbi zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini ngokweendlela zokuvelisa: iipayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo kunye neepayipi zentsimbi ezidityanisiweyo. Iipayipi zentsimbi ezidityanisiweyo zibizwa ngokuba ziipayipi ezidityanisiweyo ngamafutshane.

1. Ngokwendlela yokuvelisa, umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo unokwahlulwa ube: umbhobho ongenamthungo ojijekileyo oshushu, umbhobho otsalwa ngokubandayo, umbhobho wentsimbi echanekileyo, umbhobho oshushu owandisiweyo, umbhobho ojikelezayo obandayo kunye nombhobho okhutshiweyo.

Iipayipu zentsimbi ezihlanganisiweyo

Iipayipu zentsimbi ezihlanganisiweyo

Umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo wenziwe ngentsimbi yekhabhoni ekumgangatho ophezulu okanye intsimbi ye-alloy, enokwahlulwahlulwa ibe yi-hot rolling kunye ne-cold rolling (umzobo).

2. Umbhobho wentsimbi edibeneyo wahlulwe waba ngumbhobho odibeneyo wesithando somlilo, umbhobho wokuwelda ngombane (ukuwelda kokumelana) kunye nombhobho odibeneyo we-arc ozenzekelayo ngenxa yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda. Ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda, wahlulwe waba ngumbhobho odibeneyo we-seam othe tye kunye nombhobho odibeneyo we-spiral. Ngenxa yesimo sawo sokugqibela, wahlulwe waba ngumbhobho odibeneyo ojikelezayo kunye nombhobho odibeneyo onemilo ekhethekileyo (isikwere, isicaba, njl.njl.).

Umbhobho wentsimbi odibeneyo wenziwe ngepleyiti yentsimbi egoqwe nge-butt seam okanye i-spiral seam. Ngokwendlela yokuvelisa, yahlulwe yaba ngumbhobho wentsimbi odibeneyo wokuhambisa ulwelo oluphantsi koxinzelelo, umbhobho wentsimbi odibeneyo we-spiral seam, umbhobho wentsimbi odibeneyo ogoqwe ngqo, umbhobho wentsimbi odibeneyo, njl. Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo ungasetyenziselwa imibhobho yolwelo kunye negesi kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Imibhobho edibeneyo ingasetyenziselwa imibhobho yamanzi, imibhobho yegesi, imibhobho yokufudumeza, imibhobho yombane, njl.

Ukuhlelwa kwezinto

Umbhobho wentsimbi ungahlulwa ube ngumbhobho wekhabhoni, umbhobho we-alloy kunye nombhobho wentsimbi engatyiwayo ngokwezinto zombhobho (umz. umgangatho wentsimbi).

Umbhobho wekhabhoni unokwahlulwa ube ngumbhobho wentsimbi yekhabhoni eqhelekileyo kunye nombhobho wesakhiwo sekhabhoni okumgangatho ophezulu.

Umbhobho we-alloy unokwahlulwa ube: umbhobho we-alloy ephantsi, umbhobho wesakhiwo se-alloy, umbhobho we-alloy ephezulu kunye nombhobho onamandla aphezulu. Umbhobho we-bearing, umbhobho we-stainless omelana nobushushu kunye ne-asidi, umbhobho we-alloy ochanekileyo (ofana ne-kovar alloy) kunye nombhobho we-superalloy, njl.njl.

Ulwahlulo lwemo yoqhagamshelo

Ngokwendlela yokudibanisa isiphelo sepayipi, ipayipi yentsimbi inokwahlulwa ibe: ipayipi egudileyo (isiphelo sepayipi esingenamsonto) kunye nepayipi yokufaka imisonto (isiphelo sepayipi esinomsonto).

Umbhobho wokufaka imisonto wahlulwe waba ngumbhobho oqhelekileyo wokufaka imisonto kunye nombhobho ojiyileyo ekupheleni kombhobho.

Imibhobho yokuhombisa imisonto etyebileyo inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe: etyebileyo ngaphandle (ngentambo yangaphandle), etyebileyo ngaphakathi (ngentambo yangaphakathi) kunye netyebileyo ngaphakathi nangaphandle (ngentambo yangaphakathi nangaphandle).

Ngokohlobo lomsonto, umbhobho wokufaka umsonto ungahlulwa ube ngumsonto oqhelekileyo osilinda okanye okhoni kunye nomsonto okhethekileyo.

Ukongeza, ngokweemfuno zabasebenzisi, imibhobho yokufaka imisonto ngokubanzi ihanjiswa kunye neejoyinti zemibhobho.

Uhlu lweempawu zokugquma

Ngokweempawu zokugquma umphezulu, imibhobho yentsimbi inokwahlulwa ibe yimibhobho emnyama (ngaphandle kokugquma) kunye nemibhobho egqunyiweyo.

Iipayipi ezigqunyiweyo ziquka iipayipi ezigqunyiweyo, iipayipi ezigqunyiweyo nge-aluminium, iipayipi ezigqunyiweyo nge-chromium, iipayipi ezigqunyiweyo nge-aluminium kunye neepayipi zentsimbi ezinezinye iileya ze-alloy.

Iipayipi ezigqunyiweyo ziquka iipayipi ezigqunyiweyo zangaphandle, iipayipi ezigqunyiweyo zangaphakathi kunye neepayipi ezigqunyiweyo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Iingubo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka iplastiki, i-epoxy resin, i-coal tar epoxy resin kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokugqunywa kweglasi ezichasene nokugqwala.

Umbhobho weGalvanised wahlulwe waba yimbhobho yeKBG, umbhobho weJDG, umbhobho onemisonto, njl.

Injongo yokwahlulahlula

1. Imibhobho yepayipi. Ezifana nemibhobho engenamthungo yamanzi, igesi kunye nemibhobho yomphunga, imibhobho yokuhambisa ioyile kunye nemibhobho yemigca yeoyile kunye negesi. Ifayiphu enombhobho wokunkcenkceshela kwezolimo kunye nombhobho wokunkcenkceshela nge-sprinkler, njl.

2. Iipayipi zezixhobo zobushushu. Ezifana neepayipi zamanzi abilayo kunye neepayipi zomphunga ezishushu kakhulu zeebhoyila eziqhelekileyo, iipayipi ezishushu kakhulu, iipayipi ezinkulu zomsi, iipayipi ezincinci zomsi, iipayipi zezitena ezigobileyo kunye neepayipi zebhoyila ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lweebhoyila zelocomotive.

3. Imibhobho yeshishini loomatshini. Njengombhobho wolwakhiwo lweenqwelo moya (umbhobho ojikelezayo, umbhobho otyheli, umbhobho otyheli othe tyaba), umbhobho we-axle yemoto, umbhobho we-axle, umbhobho wolwakhiwo wetrakta yemoto, umbhobho opholileyo weoyile yetrekta, umbhobho wesikwere kunye nombhobho ongxande, umbhobho wetransformer kunye nombhobho wokuthwala, njl.

4. Imibhobho yokubhola ngejiyoloji yepetroliyam. Efana nale: umbhobho wokubhola ngeoyile, umbhobho wokubhola ngeoyile (uKelly kunye nombhobho wokubhola ngehexagonal), i-tappet yokubhola, iityhubhu zeoyile, i-casing yeoyile kunye nee-joints ezahlukeneyo zemibhobho, umbhobho wokubhola ngejiyoloji (umbhobho oyintloko, i-casing, umbhobho wokubhola osebenzayo, i-tappet yokubhola, i-hoop kunye ne-pin joint, njl.njl.).

5. Imibhobho yeshishini leekhemikhali. Ezifana: umbhobho wokuqhekeka kwepetroleum, umbhobho wokutshintsha ubushushu kunye nombhobho wezixhobo zeekhemikhali, umbhobho onganyangekiyo yi-asidi engatyiwayo, umbhobho woxinzelelo oluphezulu lwesichumiso seekhemikhali kunye nombhobho wokuhambisa isixhobo seekhemikhali, njl.njl.

6. Iipayipi zamanye amasebe. Umzekelo: iityhubhu zeekhonteyina (iityhubhu zeesilinda zegesi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye neekhonteyina eziqhelekileyo), iityhubhu zezixhobo, iityhubhu zeewotshi, iinaliti zokujova kunye neetyhubhu zezixhobo zonyango, njl.njl.

Ulwahlulo lwemilo yecandelo

Iimveliso zemibhobho yentsimbi zineentlobo ngeentlobo zentsimbi kunye neenkcukacha zayo, kwaye neemfuno zokusebenza kwazo zahlukile. Zonke ezi zinto kufuneka zahlulwe ngokweemfuno zomsebenzisi okanye iimeko zokusebenza. Ngokubanzi, iimveliso zemibhobho yentsimbi zahlulwe ngokwemilo yecandelo, indlela yokuvelisa, izinto zemibhobho, imo yoqhagamshelo, iimpawu zokuplata kunye nokusetyenziswa.

Imibhobho yentsimbi inokwahlulwa ibe yimibhobho yentsimbi engqukuva kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi enemilo ekhethekileyo ngokwemilo enqamlezileyo.

Umbhobho wentsimbi oneemilo ezikhethekileyo ubhekisa kuzo zonke iintlobo zeepayipi zentsimbi ezinecandelo elijikelezayo elingajikeleziyo.

Ziquka ikakhulu: ityhubhu yesikwere, ityhubhu engunxande, ityhubhu ye-elliptical, ityhubhu ye-elliptical ethe tyaba, ityhubhu ye-semicircular, ityhubhu ye-hexagonal, ityhubhu yangaphakathi ye-hexagonal, ityhubhu ye-hexagonal engalinganiyo, ityhubhu ye-triangle elinganayo, ityhubhu ye-quincunx ye-pentagonal, ityhubhu ye-octagonal, ityhubhu ye-convex, ityhubhu ye-convex ephindwe kabini, ityhubhu ye-concave ephindwe kabini, ityhubhu ye-concave eninzi, ityhubhu yembewu ye-melon, ityhubhu ethe tyaba, ityhubhu ye-rhombic, ityhubhu yenkwenkwezi, ityhubhu ye-parallelogram, ityhubhu ye-ribbed, ityhubhu ye-drop, ityhubhu ye-fin yangaphakathi, ityhubhu ye-twist, ityhubhu ye-B-TUBE D kunye netyhubhu ye-multilayer, njl.