Isingeniso sepayipi lensimbi: insimbi enengxenye engenalutho futhi ubude bayo bukhulu kakhulu kunobubanzi noma umjikelezo. Ngokusho kwesimo sesigaba, ihlukaniswe ngamapayipi ensimbi ayindilinga, ayisikwele, angunxande kanye nanobunjwa obukhethekile; Ngokusho kwezinto, ihlukaniswe ngamapayipi ensimbi esakhiwo sekhabhoni, ipayipi lensimbi esakhiwo esiphansi, ipayipi lensimbi ehlanganisiwe kanye nepayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe; Ngokusho kwenhloso, ihlukaniswe ngamapayipi ensimbi okuhambisa ipayipi, isakhiwo sobunjiniyela, imishini yokushisa, imboni yamakhemikhali, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, ukubhoboza kwe-geological, imishini yokucindezela okuphezulu, njll. Ngokusho kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, ihlukaniswe ngamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kanye nepayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lihlukaniswe ngokugoqa okushisayo kanye nokugoqa okubandayo (ukudweba), kanti ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe lihlukaniswe ngamapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe aqondile kanye nepayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe.

Ipayipi lensimbi alisetshenziselwa kuphela ukudlulisa uketshezi noketshezi oluyimpuphu, ukushintshanisa amandla okushisa, ukukhiqiza izingxenye zemishini nezitsha, kodwa futhi nensimbi engabizi. Ukusebenzisa ipayipi lensimbi ukwenza isakhiwo segridi, izinsika kanye nokusekelwa kwemishini kunganciphisa isisindo, konge insimbi ngo-20 ~ 40%, futhi kufeze ukwakhiwa kwezimboni nokwemishini. Ukukhiqiza Amabhuloho Amakhulu anamapayipi ensimbi akugcini nje ngokusindisa insimbi futhi kube lula ukwakhiwa, kodwa futhi kunciphisa kakhulu indawo yokuvikela futhi konge izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokugcinwa. Ngendlela yokukhiqiza

Amapayipi ensimbi angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili ngokwezindlela zokukhiqiza: amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kanye namapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe. Amapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe abizwa ngokuthi amapayipi ahlanganisiwe ngamafuphi.

1. Ngokwendlela yokukhiqiza, ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lingahlukaniswa libe: ipayipi elingenamthungo eligoqiwe elishisayo, ipayipi elidonswayo elibandayo, ipayipi lensimbi elinembile, ipayipi elinwetshiwe elishisayo, ipayipi elijikelezayo elibandayo kanye nepayipi elikhishwe.

Izinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi

Izinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi

Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lenziwe ngensimbi yekhabhoni noma insimbi ye-alloy esezingeni eliphezulu, engahlukaniswa ngokuthi ukugoqa okushisayo kanye nokugoqa okubandayo (ukudweba).

2. Ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe lihlukaniswe ngepayipi elihlanganisiwe lesithando, ipayipi lokushisela likagesi (ukushisela ukumelana) kanye nepayipi elihlanganisiwe le-arc elizenzakalelayo ngenxa yezinqubo ezahlukene zokushisela. Ngenxa yezinhlobo ezahlukene zokushisela, lihlukaniswe ngepayipi elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe eliqondile kanye nepayipi elihlanganisiwe elijikelezayo. Ngenxa yesimo salo sokugcina, lihlukaniswe ngepayipi elihlanganisiwe eliyindilinga kanye nepayipi elihlanganisiwe elinomumo okhethekile (isikwele, isicaba, njll.).

Ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe lenziwe ngepuleti lensimbi eligoqiwe elihlanganiswe ngomthungo noma ngomthungo ojikelezayo. Ngokwendlela yokukhiqiza, lihlukaniswe futhi ngepayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe lokudlulisa uketshezi olunomfutho ophansi, ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe, ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe eligoqiwe ngqo, ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe, njll. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lingasetshenziswa kumapayipi oketshezi kanye negesi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Amapayipi ahlanganisiwe angasetshenziswa kumapayipi amanzi, amapayipi egesi, amapayipi okushisa, amapayipi kagesi, njll.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto

Ipayipi lensimbi lingahlukaniswa libe yipayipi lekhabhoni, ipayipi le-alloy kanye nepayipi lensimbi engagqwali ngokwezinto zepayipi (okungukuthi izinga lensimbi).

Ipayipi lekhabhoni lingahlukaniswa libe yipayipi lensimbi yekhabhoni elijwayelekile kanye nepayipi lesakhiwo sekhabhoni elisezingeni eliphezulu.

Ipayipi le-alloy lingahlukaniswa kanje: ipayipi le-alloy eliphansi, ipayipi lesakhiwo se-alloy, ipayipi le-alloy eliphezulu kanye nepayipi elinamandla aphezulu. Ipayipi lokuthwala, ipayipi elingagqwali elimelana nokushisa kanye ne-asidi, ipayipi le-alloy eliqondile (njenge-kovar alloy) kanye nepayipi le-superalloy, njll.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemodi yokuxhumana

Ngokwendlela yokuxhumanisa yesiphelo sepayipi, ipayipi lensimbi lingahlukaniswa libe: ipayipi elibushelelezi (isiphelo sepayipi elingenantambo) kanye nepayipi lokufaka intambo (isiphelo sepayipi esinentambo).

Ipayipi lokufaka intambo lihlukaniswe ngepayipi lokufaka intambo elivamile kanye nepayipi lokufaka intambo elijiyile ekugcineni kwepayipi.

Amapayipi okufaka intambo ajiyile angahlukaniswa futhi abe: ajiyile ngaphandle (ngentambo yangaphandle), ajiyile ngaphakathi (ngentambo yangaphakathi) kanye nangaphakathi nangaphandle ajiyile (ngentambo yangaphakathi nangaphandle).

Ngokohlobo lwentambo, ipayipi lokufaka intambo lingahlukaniswa futhi libe yintambo evamile eyindilinga noma eyindilinga kanye nentambo ekhethekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwezidingo zabasebenzisi, amapayipi okufaka intambo ngokuvamile alethwa ngamajoyinti amapayipi.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpawu zokufaka

Ngokwezici zokufakwa kweplatifomu ebusweni, amapayipi ensimbi angahlukaniswa abe amapayipi amnyama (ngaphandle kokufakwa kweplatifomu) kanye namapayipi amboziwe.

Amapayipi amboziwe afaka amapayipi agqitshiwe, amapayipi ambozwe nge-aluminium, amapayipi ambozwe nge-chromium, amapayipi acwebezelwe nge-aluminium kanye namapayipi ensimbi anezinye izendlalelo ze-alloy.

Amapayipi amboziwe ahlanganisa amapayipi amboziwe angaphandle, amapayipi amboziwe angaphakathi kanye namapayipi amboziwe angaphakathi nangaphandle. Izembozo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zifaka ipulasitiki, i-epoxy resin, i-coal tar epoxy resin kanye nezinto zokugqoka ezihlukahlukene zohlobo lwengilazi zokulwa nokugqwala.

Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe lihlukaniswe ngepayipi le-KBG, ipayipi le-JDG, ipayipi elinemicu, njll.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwenhloso yokuhlela

1. Ipayipi lepayipi. Njengepayipi elingenamthungo lamapayipi amanzi, igesi kanye nomusi, amapayipi okudlulisa uwoyela kanye namapayipi emigqa yesiqu sikawoyela negesi. Ipayipi elinepayipi lokunisela kwezolimo kanye nepayipi lokunisela nge-sprinkler, njll.

2. Amapayipi emishini yokushisa. Njengemipayipi yamanzi abilayo kanye namapayipi omusi ashisayo kakhulu ama-boiler ajwayelekile, amapayipi ashisayo kakhulu, amapayipi amakhulu omusi, amapayipi amancane omusi, amapayipi ezitini ezigobile kanye namapayipi e-boiler anokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu kwama-boiler e-locomotive.

3. Ipayipi lemboni yemishini. Njengepayipi lesakhiwo sezindiza (ipayipi eliyindilinga, ipayipi eliyindilinga, ipayipi eliyindilinga eliyisicaba), ipayipi le-half axle yemoto, ipayipi le-axle, ipayipi lesakhiwo setrakta yemoto, ipayipi elipholile likawoyela wetrakta, ipayipi lesikwele lemishini yezolimo kanye nepayipi elingunxande, ipayipi le-transformer kanye nepayipi lokuthwala, njll.

4. Amapayipi okubhoboza i-petroleum geological. Njenge: ipayipi lokubhoboza i-oyela, ipayipi lokubhoboza i-oyela (ipayipi lokubhoboza i-Kelly nele-hexagonal), i-tappet yokubhoboza, amapayipi kawoyela, i-casing kawoyela kanye nama-joint ahlukahlukene epayipi, ipayipi lokubhoboza i-geological (ipayipi eliyinhloko, i-casing, ipayipi lokubhoboza elisebenzayo, i-tappet yokubhoboza, i-hoop kanye ne-pin joint, njll.).

5. Amapayipi embonini yamakhemikhali. Njenge: ipayipi lokuqhekeka kwephethiloli, ipayipi lokushintshanisa ukushisa kanye nepayipi lemishini yamakhemikhali, ipayipi elingagqwali elimelana ne-asidi engagqwali, ipayipi elinomfutho ophezulu womanyolo wamakhemikhali kanye nepayipi lokuhambisa i-medium yamakhemikhali, njll.

6. Amapayipi eminye iminyango. Isibonelo: amapayipi ezitsha (amapayipi amasilinda egesi anomfutho ophezulu kanye nezitsha ezijwayelekile), amapayipi ezinsimbi, amapayipi ezikhwama zamawashi, izinaliti zomjovo kanye namapayipi emishini yezokwelapha, njll.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwesimo sesigaba

Imikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi inezinhlobo eziningi zensimbi kanye nezincazelo, futhi izidingo zayo zokusebenza nazo ziyahlukahluka. Konke lokhu kufanele kuhlukaniswe ngokwezinguquko zezidingo zomsebenzisi noma izimo zokusebenza. Ngokuvamile, imikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi ihlukaniswa ngokwesimo sesigaba, indlela yokukhiqiza, izinto zamapayipi, imodi yokuxhuma, izici zokufaka kanye nokusetshenziswa.

Amapayipi ensimbi angahlukaniswa ngamapayipi ensimbi ayindilinga kanye namapayipi ensimbi anomumo okhethekile ngokwesimo esinqamulelayo.

Ipayipi lensimbi elinomumo okhethekile libhekisela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamapayipi ensimbi anesigaba esijikelezayo esingesiyingi.

Ngokuyinhloko zifaka: ithubhu eliyisikwele, ithubhu elingunxande, ithubhu eliyindilinga, ithubhu eliyindilinga eliyisicaba, ithubhu eliyindilinga ...